The feast was originally called Dedicatio Sanctae Mariae (Dedication of Saint Mary's),[9] and was celebrated only in Rome until inserted for the first time into the General Roman Calendar, with ad Nives added to its name, in 1568. La basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore, conosciuta anche come Santa Maria della neve o come Basilica liberiana (dal nome del tradizionale fondatore, papa Liberio), è una delle quattro basiliche papali di Roma. If he was really an archpriest under Innocent IV, he must have later resigned, but it seems more likely that this statement resulted from a confusion. As one scholar describes it: "Moses strikes the waters of the Red Sea in a heroic gesture, his toga in light and dark grays and blues, but lined in black, the folds white lines, the tunic underneath light blue; the man next to him wears a deep blue toga over a gray and white tunic. The Basilica also contains frescoes by Giovanni Baglione, in the Cappella Borghese. Beneath this altar is the Oratory or Chapel of the Nativity, on whose altar, at that time situated in the Crypt of the Nativity below the main altar of the church itself, Saint Ignatius of Loyola celebrated his first Mass as a priest on 25 December 1538. "[43] Another panel is known as the Adoration of the Magi and this mosaic depicts Infant Christ and The Virgin and the arrival of the three wise men, "mosaics illustrating Christ's first coming and his youth covered the triumphal arch. This chapel of the Blessed Sacrament is named after Pope Sixtus V, and is not to be confused with the Sistine Chapel of the Vatican, named after Pope Sixtus IV. While the art biographer, Giovanni Baglione allocates specific works to individual artists, recent scholarship finds that the hand of Nebbia drew preliminary sketches for many, if not all, of the frescoes. Vedi le foto della chiesa e delle opere contenute, vedi le schede degli artisti. [25] As well as this church on the summit of the Esquiline Hill, Pope Sixtus III is said to have commissioned extensive building projects throughout the city, which were continued by his successor Pope Leo I, the Great.[26]. La Basilica Paleocristiana di Santa Maria Maggiore I resti di questa incantevole basilica paleocristiana ci ricordano che Siponto fu anche un’importante diocesi. [17], No Catholic church can be honoured with the title of "basilica" unless by apostolic grant or from immemorial custom. [citation needed] (An example is the Holy Trinity Column in Olomouc, the Czech Republic). St. Mary Major was associated with the Patriarchate of Antioch. 28, p. 24. These fines enabled the papacy to carry out through the 5th century an ambitious building program, including Santa Maria Maggiore. This being said, the crowning of Mary on the Apse was made much later by Torriti by commission of Pope Nicholas IV. Si tratta di un'Adorazione dei Magi in pietra, comprensiva delle parziali figure del bue e dell'asino. It is now agreed that the present church was built under Celestine I (422–432) not under Pope Sixtus III (432–440), who consecrated the basilica on the 5th of August 434 to the Virgin Mary. The mosaics found in Santa Maria Maggiore are combinations of different styles of mosaic art during the time, according to art scholar Robin Cormack: "the range of artistic expertise and the actual complexities of production can hardly be reduced to a mentality of copying. During the second century AD, the site on which the church now stands was occupied by a Roman mansion owned by Titus Flavius Clemens, one of the first Roman senators to convert to Christianity. The column in the Piazza Santa Maria Maggiore celebrates the famous icon of the Virgin Mary now enshrined in the Borghese Chapel of the basilica. On 15 December 2015, a Palestinian and a Tunisian national were arrested after they tried to disarm soldiers stationed outside the basilica while yelling "Allah (God) is great". The architect Domenico Fontana designed the chapel, which contains the tombs of Sixtus V himself and of his early patron Pope Pius V. The main altar in the chapel has four gilded bronze angels by Sebastiano Torregiani, holding up the ciborium, which is a model of the chapel itself. La costruzione avvenne su una chiesa precedente, che una diffusa tradizione vuole sia stata la Madonna stessa ad ispirare apparendo in sogno a papa Liberio e al patrizio Giovanni e suggerendo che il luogo adatto sarebbe stato indicato in forma straordinaria. [5] A congregation appointed by Pope Benedict XIV in 1741 proposed that the reading of the legend be struck from the Office and that the feast be given its original name. [14][15] This name appears in the Tridentine editions of the Roman Missal as the place for the pope's Mass (the station Mass) on Christmas Night,[16] while the name "Mary Major" appears for the church of the station Mass on Christmas Day. The basilica enshrines the venerated image of Salus Populi Romani, depicting the Blessed Virgin Mary as the health and protectress of the Roman people, which was granted a Canonical coronation by Pope Gregory XVI on 15 August 1838 accompanied by his Papal bull Cælestis Regina. The Marian column, erected in 1614 to designs of Carlo Maderno, is the model for numerous Marian columns erected in Catholic countries in thanksgiving for remission of the plague during the Baroque era. "[43], Under the high altar of the basilica is the Crypt of the Nativity or Bethlehem Crypt, with a crystal reliquary designed by Giuseppe Valadier said to contain wood from the Holy Crib of the nativity of Jesus Christ. Formerly, the archpriest was the titular Latin Patriarch of Antioch, a title abolished in 1964. [3] However, the Holy See fully owns the Basilica, and Italy is legally obligated to recognize its full ownership thereof[4] and to concede to it "the immunity granted by International Law to the headquarters of the diplomatic agents of foreign States. Lexington Books, 2007, Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights, liturgical feast of the anniversary of its dedication, Basilica of St. Lawrence outside the Walls, Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major, "Historic Centre of Rome, the Properties of the Holy See in that City Enjoying Extraterritorial Rights and San Paolo Fuori le Mura", "La visita alle Sette Chiese: cenni storici", Basilica memorial to celebrate the end of the French Wars of Religion, Sacred Destinations: SantaMariaMaggiore, Rome, "Pope Francis eschews trappings of papacy on first day in office", "Notizie sul capitolo ed arcipreti della basilica di s. Maria Maggiore", "The Concept of Rome in Late Antiquity reflected in the mosaics of the Triumphal Arch of S. Maria Maggiore in Rome", Eternal Word Television Network, Global Catholic Network (EWTN), Satellite Photo of St. Mary's Major Basilica, Roman Catholic ecclesiastical province of Rome, Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, Coats of arms of the Holy See and Vatican City, Permanent Observer to the Council of Europe, Palace of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, Palace of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches, Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide, Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici, Santi Martino e Sebastiano degli Svizzeri, Boncompagni Ludovisi Decorative Art Museum, Museo Storico Nazionale dell'Arte Sanitaria, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santa_Maria_Maggiore&oldid=1002712883, Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Italian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2011, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2014, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2019, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz place identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Francesco Napoleone Orsini (administrator 1298–1306), Pedro Luis Borja Lanzol de Romani (1510–1511), Antonio Despuig y Dameto (28 December 1803 – 2 May 1813), Giovanni Gallarati Scotti (1814 – 6 October 1819), Benedetto Naro (1 January 1824 – 6 October 1832), Luigi del Drago (29 August 1839 – 28 April 1845), Early Christian mosaic cycle depicting Old Testament events, 5th century, Altar, confessio and Presepio (crib) sculptures by, High-resolution 360° Panoramas and Images of, House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul, This page was last edited on 25 January 2021, at 19:01. Architettura Paleocristiana La chiesa di Santa Maria Maggiore La basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore rappresenta meglio di ogni altro monumento questa rinascenza sistina. The Salus Populi Romani has been a favourite of several popes and acted as a key Mariological symbol. "[30] The magnificent mosaics of the nave and triumphal arch, seen as "milestones in the depiction" of the Virgin,[31] depict scenes of her life and that of Christ, but also scenes from the Old Testament: Moses striking the Red Sea, and Egyptians drowning in the Red Sea. [citation needed], The Athenian marble columns supporting the nave are even older, and either come from the first basilica, or from another antique Roman building; thirty-six are marble and four granite, pared down, or shortened to make them identical by Ferdinando Fuga, who provided them with identical gilt-bronze capitals. I centri principali dell’arte paleocristiana sono Roma, Milano e Ravenna. As one historian describes it: "On the apse arch Christ is enthroned, a young emperor attended by four chamberlains, angels of course",[27] this is a perfect example of mosaic art in the 5th century. [19] (The title of major basilica was once used more widely, being attached, for instance, to the Basilica of St. Mary of the Angels in Assisi. La basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore rappresenta meglio di ogni altro monumento questa rinascenza sistina. Church building in Rome in this period, as exemplified in Saint Mary Major, was inspired by the idea of Rome being not just the centre of the world of the Roman Empire, as it was seen in the classical period, but the centre of the Christian world.[27]. It is known as Salus Populi Romani, or Health of the Roman People or Salvation of the Roman People, due to a miracle in which the icon reportedly helped keep plague from the city. [42] The triumphal arch is illustrated with magnificent mosaics depicting different scenes of Christ and the Virgin Mary. [8][Notes 1]. Nel lontano dodicesimo secolo a Siponto, piccola frazione di Manfredonia, fu costruita una chiesa romanica, la basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore di Siponto, appunto. The earliest building on the site was the Liberian Basilica or Santa Maria Liberiana, after Pope Liberius (352–366). [21], The five papal basilicas along with the Basilica of the Holy Cross in Jerusalem and San Sebastiano fuori le mura were the traditional Seven Pilgrim Churches of Rome, which were visited by pilgrims during their pilgrimage to Rome following a 20-kilometre (12 mi) itinerary established by St. Philip Neri on 25 February 1552.[22][23][24]. Pope Francis visited the basilica on the day after his election.[47]. [30] One of the first scenes that were visible on the triumphal arch was a panel of Christ's enthronement with a group of angels as his court. Except for a few priests and the basilica's archpriest, the canopied high altar is reserved for use by the pope alone. In 1954, the icon was crowned by Pope Pius XII as he introduced a new Marian feast Queenship of Mary. [30], The triumphal arch at the head of the nave was at first referred to as the apse arch, but later became known as the triumphal arch. Richard Krautheimer attributes the magnificence of the work also to the abundant revenue accruing to the papacy at the time from land holdings acquired by the Church during the 4th and 5th centuries on the Italian peninsula: "Some of these holdings were locally controlled; the majority as early as the end of the 5th century were administered directly from Rome with great efficiency: a central accounting system was involved in the papal chancery; and a budget was apparently prepared, one part of the income going to the papal administration, another to the needs of the clergy, a third to the maintenance of church buildings, a fourth to charity. The influences of these mosaics are rooted in late antique impressionism that could be seen in frescoes, manuscript paintings and many pavement mosaics across villas in Africa, Syria and Sicily during the 5th century. "[41] This is explained by the dual images of Old Testament and New Testament events depicted in the mosaics of the triumphal arch and the nave. When police intervened, the two men aged 40 and 30 called other foreigners in the area to their aid, and assaulted and threatened the arresting officers. [9] No action was taken on the proposal until 1969, when the reading of the legend was removed and the feast was called In dedicatione Basilicae S. Mariae (Dedication of the Basilica of Saint Mary). Analisi e descrizione della Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore in Roma.Sottotitoli in italiano disponibili.Montaggio e post produzione NEXTMedia Studio. Fragments of the sculpture of the Nativity believed to be by 13th-century Arnolfo di Cambio were transferred to beneath the altar of the large Sistine Chapel[44] off the right transept of the church. Its plan was based on Hellenistic principles stated by Vitruvius at the time of Augustus. Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore. Artista: ... È una delle quattro basiliche papali di Roma e l’unica ad aver conservato l’originaria struttura paleocristiana, seppur con alcune aggiunte. He presides over the rites for the annual Feast of the Assumption of Mary on 15 August there. [citation needed], The 12th-century façade has been masked by a reconstruction, with a screening loggia, that were added by Pope Benedict XIV in 1743, to designs by Ferdinando Fuga that did not damage the mosaics of the façade. La Basilica paleocristiana di Siponto, un capolavoro di arte e storia nel cuore del Gargano. The Basilica of Saint Mary Major (Italian: Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore, Italian pronunciation: [ˈsanta maˈriːa madˈdʒoːre]; Latin: Basilica Sanctae Mariae Maioris),[2] or church of Santa Maria Maggiore, is a Papal major basilica and the largest Catholic Marian church in Rome, Italy. Basilica Santa Maria Maggiore (o Basilica Liberiana),una delle quattro basiliche papali di Roma, costruita tra il 352 ed il 366, fu poi ricostruita o ristrutturata tra il 432 e 440 (e dedicata al culto della Madonna). "[33], Gregory the Great may have been inspired by Byzantine devotions to the Theotokos (Mother of God) when after becoming Pope during a plague in 590 that had taken the life of his predecessor, he ordered for seven processions to march through the city of Rome chanting Psalms and Kyrie Eleison, in order to appease the wrath of God. Consulta la mappa della città per scoprire come arrivare alla Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore. A Roma i principali edifici sono il Battistero Lateranense, il Mausoleo di Santa Costanza, le basiliche di Santa Sabina e di Santa Maria Maggiore. This building was then replaced under Pope Sixtus III (432–440) by the present structure dedicated to Mary. As one scholar puts it, "This is well demonstrated by the decoration of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome,... where the iconographic depiction of the Virgin Mary was chosen at least in part to celebrate the affirmation of Mary as Theotokos (bearer of God) by the third ecumenical Council of Ephesus in 431 CE. "[27] The key aspect that made Santa Maria Maggiore such a significant cornerstone in church building during the early 5th century were the beautiful mosaics found on the triumphal arch and nave. Document dated 19 March 1244 mentions Astor (or Aston) as archpriest, documents between 13 February 1247 and 1 October 1255 mention archpriest without mentioning his name but also without indicating his cardinalate, and on 28 May 1258 Romano was archpriest of the Basilica; the latest document mentions also cardinal Pietro Capocci but makes no reference to his occupation of that post. 30, p. 119, give no support for this affirmation. On 5 August, at the height of the Roman summer, snow fell during the night on the summit of the Esquiline Hill. As Margaret Miles explains the mosaics in Santa Maria Maggiore have two goals: one to glorify the Virgin Mary as Theotokos (God-Bearer); and the other to present "a systematic and comprehensive articulation of the relationship of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian scriptures as one in which the Hebrew Bible foreshadows Christianity. However, this identification remains uncertain because the only document which mentions this archpriest (dated 3 July 1212) makes no reference to his cardinalate, cf. Edificata durante il pontificato di papa Liberio; fu ricostruita o ristrutturata dopo circa un secolo. As a papal basilica, Santa Maria Maggiore is often used by the pope. The mosaics also show the range of artistic expertise and refute the theory that mosaic technique during the time was based on copying from model books. Ripercorriamo la storia dell’antica basilica di Siponto. La mattina del 5 agosto il colle Esquilino apparve ammantato di neve. [12], Long before the earliest traces of the story of the miraculous snow, the church now known as Saint Mary Major was called Saint Mary of the Crib (Sancta Maria ad Praesepe),[13] a name it was given because of its relic of the crib or manger of the Nativity of Jesus Christ, four boards of sycamore wood believed to have been brought to the church, together with a fifth, in the time of Pope Theodore I (640–649). Tag: santa Maria Maggiore Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore a Roma. In addition to the archpriest and his assistant priests, a chapter of canons is resident. Others include Ferdinando Sermei, Giacomo Stella, Paul Bril, and Ferraù Fenzoni.[46]. Roma, Piazza di Santa Maria Maggiore, 42 . It is known as Salus Populi Romani, or Health of the Roman People or Salvation of the Roman People, due to a miracle in which the icon reportedly helped keep plague from the city. "[40] The mosaics of the triumphal arch and the nave in Santa Maria Maggiore gave a model for the future representations of the Virgin Mary. Just outside the Sistine Chapel is the tomb of Gianlorenzo Bernini and his family.[45]. The house was used for Christian clandestine worship, since being Christian at the time was forbidden.Approximately a century later, a temple dedicated to Mithras, an all seeing Protector of the Truth, was built on the same site. San Pietro in Vaticano (chiesa costantiniana), Chiesa di Santa Croce e mausoleo di galla Placidia. This name may have originated from the same legend, which recounts that, like John and his wife, Pope Liberius was told in a dream of the forthcoming summer snowfall, went in procession to where it did occur and there marked out the area on which the church was to be built. [citation needed] Maderno's fountain at the base combines the armorial eagles and dragons of Paul V (Borghese). La prima è a pianta longitudinale (o … Il 5 agosto di … Possiamo avere una chiesa che ha un unico spazio longitudinale, in questo caso si chiama pianta ad Aula. The icon is at least a thousand years old, and according to a tradition was painted from life by St Luke the Evangelist using the wooden table of the Holy Family in Nazareth. Cardinal Pietro Capocci (died 1259) is mentioned in the majority of the catalogs of archpriests of Liberian Basilica but the documents from the archive of the Basilica, published by Ferri in ASRSP, vol. Di quella prima costruzione non resta niente. The King of Spain, currently Felipe VI, is ex officio protocanon of the basilica's chapter. The actual, official name seems to vary: the, Andrew J. Ekonomou. Baglione also concedes the roles of Nebbia and Guerra could be summarized as "Nebbia drew, and Guerra supervised the teams". 27, p. 34–39 and vol. The processions began in different parts of the city, but rather than finally converging on St Peter's, who was always the traditional protector of Rome, he instead ordered the processions to converge on Mary Major instead.[34]. The legend is first reported only after AD 1000. Così quando la mattina del 5 agosto un'insolita nevicata imbiancò l'Esquilino, il papa Liberi… The basilica's 16th-century coffered ceiling, to a design by Giuliano da Sangallo, is said to be gilded with gold, initially brought by Christopher Columbus, presented by Ferdinand and Isabella to the Spanish pope, Alexander VI. The Mannerist interior decoration of the Sistine Chapel was completed (1587–1589) by a large team of artists, directed by Cesare Nebbia and Giovanni Guerra. The interior of the Santa Maria Maggiore underwent a broad renovation encompassing all of its altars between the years 1575 and 1630. Roman-born Pope Pius XII (Eugenio Pacelli) celebrated his first Holy Mass there on 1 April 1899. d.C.), entrambe site a Roma, mostrano le chiare influenze dell’arte romana nella spazialità degli internie negli elementi architettonici impiegati. La Basilica di S. Maria Maggiore è la più antica chiesa dedicata alla Madonna nella Diocesi di Bologna e la tradizione ne fissa le origini al VI secolo lungo via Galliera, cardo massimo della città romana, e il corso del ramo occidentale del torrente Àposa, rendendola coeva delle grandi basiliche bizantine di Ravenna. In 1953, the icon was carried through Rome to initiate the first Marian year in church history. "[36], Even though Santa Maria Maggiore is immense in its area, it was built to plan. Ferri in ASRSP, vol. The mosaics found in Santa Maria Maggiore are one of the oldest representations of the Virgin Mary in Christian Late Antiquity. A test case is given by the mosaics of S. Maria Maggiore in Rome". The dedicatory inscription on the triumphal arch, Sixtus Episcopus plebi Dei, (Sixtus the bishop to the people of God) is an indication of that Pope's role in the construction. UN PO' DI STORIA. An observer describes the mosaic: "The Egyptians, clad in blue armor with gold bands and scarlet cloaks wildly flying, drown in the greenish-blue waters; the horses, white or light brown shaded with darker browns, highlighted in white, the accoutrements a bright red. Fu fatta erigere da papa Sisto III tra il 432 e il 440 e da lui dedicata al culto di Maria Madre di Dio, dogma che era stato appena stato sancito dal Concilio di Efeso nel 431. Indirizzo, orario apertura e chiusura, sito web, descrizione e opere nella chiesa Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore. Santa Maria Maggiore, one of the first churches built in honour of the Virgin Mary, was erected in the immediate aftermath of the Council of Ephesus of 431, which proclaimed Mary Mother of God. (*) LA BASILICA DI SANTA MARIA MAGGIORE – (432-440) – Roma. Lo schema basilicale è a pianta rettangolare, a tre o cinque navate, divise da colonne o pilastri che sostengono archi o architravi. Dalla basilica romana alla basilica cristiana: riassunto di Storia dell’Arte per conoscere e memorizzare rapidamente. Another panel found on the triumphal arch is of the Virgin, she is crowned and dressed in a colorful veil, her wardrobe subtly brings to mind that of a Roman empress and in this panel she has her divine son walking with her and a suite of angels and Joseph ready to greet her; "The Virgin...shows to perfection the impressionistic character of mosaics. Since 29 December 2016, the archpriest has been Stanisław Ryłko. La tradizione vuole che sia stata proprio la Vergine Maria ad indicare il luogo dove costruire la dimora a Lei dedicata, apparendo in sogno al patrizio Giovanni e al Papa Liberio (352-366). Nel museo della basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore è attualmente conservata l'opera scultorea che per tanto tempo è stata considerata il presepio più antico fatto con statue. Before 2006, the four papal major basilicas, together with the Basilica of St. Lawrence outside the Walls were referred to as the "patriarchal basilicas" of Rome,[Notes 2] and were associated with the five ancient patriarchates (see Pentarchy). The column in the Piazza Santa Maria Maggiore celebrates the famous icon of the Virgin Mary now enshrined in the Borghese Chapel of the basilica. Se le navate laterali sono invece più basse di quella centrale abbia… They prayed that she might make known to them how they were to dispose of their property in her honour. When the popes returned to Rome after the period of the Avignon papacy, the buildings of the basilica became a temporary Palace of the Popes[citation needed] due to the deteriorated state of the Lateran Palace. Lascia un commento Annulla risposta. "[43] The other panel depicts the Virgin accompanied by five martyrs. Prima di ottenere la libertà religiosa con l’editto di Milano (noto anche come editto di Costantino) nel 313, i cristiani non costruiscono edifici monumentali per il culto. As one scholar puts it, "Santa Maria Maggiore so closely resembles a second-century imperial basilica that it has sometimes been thought to have been adapted from a basilica for use as a Christian church. Redemptorist, Dominican and Franciscan Friars of the Immaculate priests serve the church. Sia nella concezione d'insieme che 24 nei particolari si avverte uno spirito rivolto al passato più di quanto non sia il vivace classicismo di Costantinopoli, più che altro si sente il ricordo dell'arte traianea. The basilica was restored, redecorated and extended by various popes, including Eugene III (1145–1153), Nicholas IV (1288–92), Clement X (1670–76), and Benedict XIV (1740–58), who in the 1740s commissioned Ferdinando Fuga to build the present façade and to modify the interior. Sull’argomento, esiste una dotta relazione della prof. Angiola Maria Romanini. La Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore è situata sulla sommità del colle Esquilino. The other three are the basilicas of St. John in the Lateran, St. Peter, and St. Paul outside the Walls. Il Battistero paleocristiano di Santa Maria Maggiore a Nocera Superiore, Salerno Arte paleocristiana: Roma, Milano, Ravenna. La basilica di santa Maria Mag- gioree la chiesa di santo Stefano Rotondo(IV sec. I campi obbligatori sono contrassegnati * Pope Sixtus III built it to commemorate this decision. To the right of the Basilica's façade is a memorial representing a column in the form of an up-ended cannon barrel topped with a cross: it was erected by Pope Clement VIII to celebrate the end of the French Wars of Religion.[39]. C’è una navata centrale e due o quattro navate laterali. [18] St. Mary Major is one of the only four that hold the title of "major basilica". [35], The original architecture of Santa Maria Maggiore was classical and traditionally Roman perhaps to convey the idea that Santa Maria Maggiore represented old imperial Rome as well as its Christian future. SI dice Hallenkirche se le navate laterali hanno la stessa altezza della navata centrale. [49][50][51][52][53] Initially not all archpriests were cardinals, Façade of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore facing the Piazza, Location of the Basilica Papale di Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome, Cappella Sistina and Crypt of the Nativity, Archpriests of the Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore since 1127, List of major works of art in the basilica, This triptych painted around 1423 was commissioned for the basilica by a member of the, Archpriest Pietro Sasso is commonly identified with contemporary cardinal Pietro Sasso of S. Pudenziana (1206–1218/19).